Armies of different races also fight better in their favourite terrain (See 14.2 War tables).
The races also have various skills in using some technologies. Dwarves make better swords and armours, elves becomes better archers, humans ride better in grasslands, elves better in forest and orcs have less troubles with wargs.
10.2 Ducks
The ducks belongs to an angry, annoying and very greedy species.
Their greatest goal in life seems to be to trade every piece of junk
they stumble on for another piece of junk.
This often makes ducks rich and arrogant, even if
they are terrible craftsmen and have a lack of patience.
They treat all races alike and always thinks in terms of
profit. They quickly forget treasons, especially if they are
paid to do it.
The duck armies have small and timorous soldiers which are easy to club down. But they float like cork and dive like seals and are therefore very deadly opponents at sea.
Plague may strike a duck kingdom hard, but they do not receive the same plagues as other humanoids.
Duck towns produce the double amount of gold for each unit of tradegoods (2/6 gold per unit).
Ducks almost never rebel because it is not good for their business.
10.3 Dwarves
Dwarves are tough, patient and stubborn. They can hardly
be seen as a friendly and extrovert race and most dwarves
are very greedy. You can however always trust a dwarf. They
always keep their promises and never forget a wrong.
They treat most of the other races alike except for
orcs which they see as untrustworthy.
The dwarven soldiers are hard skinned and have a 85 % chance to survive a burn in mountains and 25 % in other cases. Ordinary dwarven population is not that hard, but they still have a 50 % chance to survive in mountains.
Dwarven kingdoms have an efficient administration thanks to their honesty and they pay 3 gold less for administration. Towns populated by dwarves have greater ore production.
Dwarves rebel very often in an orc kingdom, but very seldom in their own kingdom and seldom in other cases.
10.4 Elves
The elves are unique with their long lives, immunity to illness
and often harmonic society. Many elves have skills in magic
and therefore all elven armies get a 50% chance of stopping a burn in
the province they occupy. If there are many elven armies each of
them gets a 50 % chance to stop the burn. If there live elves in a
province they also have a 25 % chance of stopping the fire.
Elven mages fail more seldom with their rituals.
Thanks to the discipline and lack of corruption elven kingdoms have 5 gold less administration costs.
Towns populated by elves produce 33 % plus 1 more spec, but elves do not feel comfortable in towns and the towns give 33 % less gold than other races' towns.
Elf kingdoms ruled by warriors have armies that start with 3 ERF instead of 2. The elven priests fail more seldom with their rituals.
Elves never rebel in their own kingdom and very often in an orc kingdom.
10.5 Humans
The humans are something like a median race. But they have the biggest
bodies among the races and are therefore great warriors in open
terrain.
All human populated towns gets extra gold for the most uncommon raw material thanks to the fact that they are great generalists.
Humans do not rebel often or seldom but they rebel a little bit more
in non-human kingdoms.
10.6 Orcs
Orcs are mean, brutal and vicious. Orc armies are both very
cheap and strong.
Plagues often torment orcs, but they have a great resistance towards them.
Orc kingdoms receive 4 gold if they plunder (instead of 3) and orc armies cost 1 gold less than other kingdoms' armies in enemy land.
Orc towns have a town_guard with at least ERF 5. It is also possible to feed an orc town with junk food from forests and land provinces that other races do not eat.
Orcs always rebel in an elven kingdom, pretty often in their own kingdom and often in other cases.
Kingdoms ruled by orcs can much easier colonize unpopulated provinces (Orcs are maybe not great producers, but they do know how to make orcs very well.).
Regardless of what type of leaders you have, they can develop some sort of technologies (called "soces") sometimes. But they can not use their special skills at the same time.